From yesterday's percolators to modern machines: the evolution of the art of extraction

The art of coffee extraction has transcended the ages, constantly reinventing itself. From the artisanal percolator of the 19th century to today's ultra-connected espresso machines, each innovation has sought to better reveal the aromas of coffee. Let's dive into this fascinating evolution, combining tradition, technology, and the quest for perfect taste.

The Beginnings of the Percolator: The Birth of a Revolution

In the 19th century, coffee was prepared slowly, often boiled in water, to the detriment of its aromas. In 1822, the invention of the French percolator changed everything. This system allowed hot water to pass through the grounds under pressure, thus extracting the flavors more finely. This method quickly gained popularity in European cafes, particularly in Italy and France.

The first percolators were made of copper or brass, often large, and heated by fire or steam. Using them required real skill, but the result—a more concentrated and richer coffee—marked a turning point in the history of the beverage.

The advent of Italian espresso

It was in Italy, at the beginning of the 20th century, that high-pressure extraction really took off. In 1901, Luigi Bezzera filed a patent for a machine capable of quickly producing an intense coffee: the espresso. This term, meaning “pressed” or “fast,” symbolizes a new philosophy: to serve a strong, short, and aromatic coffee in a few seconds.

In the 1930s, Achille Gaggia perfected the system by replacing steam with a mechanical lever, allowing for the famous crema, the golden foam that has become the emblem of Italian coffee. The bar thus became a social space where the espresso ritual became part of everyday life.

The domestic era: coffee comes home

After World War II, coffee machines moved from bars to homes. Models became simpler: filter coffee makers, electric percolators, and then the famous Italian Moka coffee makers invented by Alfonso Bialetti in 1933. These easy-to-use, iconic-looking coffee makers made homemade espresso coffee more accessible.

In the 1970s and 1980s, major appliance brands popularized automatic coffee makers. No more technical requirements: simply add ground coffee and water. Coffee became an everyday habit, as simple as it was practical.

The arrival of capsule machines: the revolution of simplicity

At the end of the 20th century, the coffee industry underwent another transformation: the invention of capsule machines. Nespresso, a pioneer of the concept, began offering a premium yet ultra-simple coffee experience in the 1980s. Each capsule contains the perfect dose of coffee, guaranteeing consistent extraction without the need for adjustments or complex maintenance.

This model is revolutionizing the market: coffee is becoming a designer product, associated with the image of affordable luxury. The machine is no longer merely functional; it is becoming a decorative object. Consumers are rediscovering the pleasure of a perfect espresso at home.

Modern machines: technology and precision

Today's coffee machines have never been more efficient. Modern models, whether automatic, percolator, or lever, incorporate advanced technologies: built-in grinders, precise temperature control, calibrated pressure, and even Blueor Wi-Fi connectivity. The user can adjust each parameter to personalize their extraction.

Amateur baristas now benefit from features worthy of professionals: pre-infusion, grind detection, even water distribution, etc. The objective remains the same as in the 19th century: to extract the best coffee, but with scientific precision.

Alternative extraction: rediscovering gentle methods

Alongside this modernization, a new artisanal trend has emerged: “slow coffee.” Methods like the Chemex, Aeropress, and V60 emphasize slowness and manual precision. These gentle brewing techniques appeal to enthusiasts seeking subtle aromas and a soothing ritual.

Here, extraction is done without pressure, using only gravity and controlled water temperature and flow. Each cup becomes a sensory experience, far from the automatic mechanisms of the machine.

The art of extraction today: between tradition and innovation

The evolution of percolators into modern machines illustrates the duality of the coffee world: a combination of respect for tradition and fascination with technology. Lovers now seek the best of both worlds: authentic taste, achieved through increasingly precise and connected tools.

The percolator remains a symbol of passionate craftsmanship, while modern machines embody precision and consistency. Together, they tell the same story: that of an endless quest for the perfect coffee.

In summary: an art always in motion

From the copper of the first percolators to the electronic circuits of modern machines, two centuries of passion have shaped the way we drink coffee. Extraction is no longer just a technical gesture: it's an art, a ritual, and a sensory experience.

At Cafemalin , this evolution inspires us every day. Behind each cup lies know-how, technology, and, above all, emotion. Because while the machines may change, the essence of coffee remains: a moment of shared pleasure.